Antibiotics History and Classification – Mechanisms of Action [PPT]


Content Summary Overview

If bacteria make it past our immune system and start reproducing inside our bodies, they cause disease.
Certain bacteria produce chemicals that damage or disable parts of our bodies. Antibiotics work to kill bacteria.Antibiotics are specific to certain bacteria and disrupt their function.

An antibiotic is a selective poison.
It has been chosen so that it will kill the desired bacteria, but not the cells in your body. Each different type of antibiotic affects different bacteria in different ways.
For example, an antibiotic might inhibit a bacteria’s ability to turn glucose into energy, or the bacteria’s ability to construct its cell wall. Therefore the bacteria dies instead of reproducing.

Antibiotics can be classified in several ways. The most common method classifies them according to their action against the infecting organism. Some antibiotics attack the cell wall; some disrupt the cell membrane; and the majority inhibit the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, the polymers that make up the bacterial cell.


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